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Personal development covers activities that improve awareness and identity, develop talents and potential, build human capital and facilitate employability, enhance quality of life and contribute to the realization of dreams and aspirations. Not limited to self-help, the concept involves formal and informal activities for developing others in roles such as teacher, guide, counselor, manager, life coach or mentor. When personal development takes place in the context of institutions, it refers to the methods, programs, tools, techniques, and assessment systems that support human development at the individual level in organizations.〔Bob Aubrey, ''Managing Your Aspirations: Developing Personal Enterprise in the Global Workplace'' McGraw-Hill 2010 ISBN 978-0-07-131178-6, page 9〕 Personal development may include the following activities: * improving self-awareness * improving self-knowledge * improving skills or learning new ones * becoming a self-leader * building or renewing identity/self-esteem * developing strengths or talents * improving wealth * spiritual development * identifying or improving potential * building employability or (alternatively) human capital * enhancing lifestyle or the quality of life * improving health * fulfilling aspirations * initiating a life enterprise or (alternatively) personal autonomy * defining and executing personal development plans (PDPs) * improving social abilities Personal development can also include developing other people. This may take place through rôles such as those of a teacher or mentor, either through a personal competency (such as the skill of certain managers in developing the potential of employees) or through a professional service (such as providing training, assessment or coaching). Beyond improving oneself and developing others, "personal development" labels a field of practice and research. As a field of practice it includes personal development methods, learning programs, assessment systems, tools and techniques. As a field of research, personal development topics increasingly appear in scientific journals, higher education reviews, management journals and business books. Any sort of development—whether economic, political, biological, organizational or personal—requires a framework if one wishes to know whether change has actually occurred. In the case of personal development, an individual often functions as the primary judge of improvement or of regression, but validation of objective improvement requires assessment using standard criteria. Personal-development frameworks may include goals or benchmarks that define the end-points, strategies or plans for reaching goals, measurement and assessment of progress, levels or stages that define milestones along a development path, and a feedback system to provide information on changes. ==The personal development industry== Personal development as an industry〔 Some sources recognize personal development as an "industry": see for example and and 〕 has several business relationship formats of operating. The main ways are business-to-consumer and business-to-business. However, there are two newer ways increasing in prevalence: consumer-to-business and consumer-to-consumer. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「personal development」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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